2 Samuel 15:24

Authorized King James Version

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And lo Zadok also, and all the Levites were with him, bearing the ark of the covenant of God: and they set down the ark of God; and Abiathar went up, until all the people had done passing out of the city.

Original Language Analysis

וְהִנֵּ֨ה H2009
וְהִנֵּ֨ה
Strong's: H2009
Word #: 1 of 24
lo!
גַם H1571
גַם
Strong's: H1571
Word #: 2 of 24
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
צָד֜וֹק And lo Zadok H6659
צָד֜וֹק And lo Zadok
Strong's: H6659
Word #: 3 of 24
tsadok, the name of eight or nine israelites
וְכָֽל H3605
וְכָֽל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 4 of 24
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
הַלְוִיִּ֣ם also and all the Levites H3881
הַלְוִיִּ֣ם also and all the Levites
Strong's: H3881
Word #: 5 of 24
a levite or descendant of levi
אִתּ֗וֹ H854
אִתּ֗וֹ
Strong's: H854
Word #: 6 of 24
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
נֹֽשְׂאִים֙ were with him bearing H5375
נֹֽשְׂאִים֙ were with him bearing
Strong's: H5375
Word #: 7 of 24
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 8 of 24
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
אֲר֣וֹן the ark H727
אֲר֣וֹן the ark
Strong's: H727
Word #: 9 of 24
a box
בְּרִ֣ית of the covenant H1285
בְּרִ֣ית of the covenant
Strong's: H1285
Word #: 10 of 24
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים of God H430
הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים of God
Strong's: H430
Word #: 11 of 24
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
וַיַּצִּ֙קוּ֙ and they set down H3332
וַיַּצִּ֙קוּ֙ and they set down
Strong's: H3332
Word #: 12 of 24
properly, to pour out (transitive or intransitive); by implication, to melt or cast as metal; by extension, to place firmly, to stiffen or grow hard
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 13 of 24
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
אֲר֣וֹן the ark H727
אֲר֣וֹן the ark
Strong's: H727
Word #: 14 of 24
a box
הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים of God H430
הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים of God
Strong's: H430
Word #: 15 of 24
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
וַיַּ֖עַל went up H5927
וַיַּ֖עַל went up
Strong's: H5927
Word #: 16 of 24
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
אֶבְיָתָ֑ר and Abiathar H54
אֶבְיָתָ֑ר and Abiathar
Strong's: H54
Word #: 17 of 24
ebjathar, an israelite
עַד H5704
עַד
Strong's: H5704
Word #: 18 of 24
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
תֹּ֥ם had done H8552
תֹּ֥ם had done
Strong's: H8552
Word #: 19 of 24
to complete, in a good or a bad sense, literal, or figurative, transitive or intransitive
כָּל H3605
כָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 20 of 24
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
הָעָ֖ם until all the people H5971
הָעָ֖ם until all the people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 21 of 24
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
לַֽעֲב֥וֹר passing H5674
לַֽעֲב֥וֹר passing
Strong's: H5674
Word #: 22 of 24
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
מִן H4480
מִן
Strong's: H4480
Word #: 23 of 24
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
הָעִֽיר׃ out of the city H5892
הָעִֽיר׃ out of the city
Strong's: H5892
Word #: 24 of 24
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

Analysis & Commentary

And lo Zadok also, and all the Levites were with him, bearing the ark of the covenant of God: and they set down the ark of God; and Abiathar went up, until all the people had done passing out of the city.

This verse contributes to the narrative of Absalom's Rebellion, emphasizing betrayal, trusting God in exile. Absalom's conspiracy demonstrates calculating betrayal and political manipulation. David's flight from Jerusalem parallels later exile experiences, developing themes of trusting God during devastating reversals. The Hebrew emphasizes Absalom's patient, methodical undermining of David's authority. Cross-references to Psalms written during this period (Psalms 3, 63) reveal David's spiritual responses to political catastrophe.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 15 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding betrayal, trusting God in exile provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

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